When side effects occur, they're typically mild and transient
Unfortunately, the most common form of B12 in supplements and fortified foods is Cyanocobalamin which is not as effective as Methylcobalamin
Anthony walks through the neuroscience (GABA, dopamine, why alcohol withdrawal can kill you), the genetics (5060% heritability, AMA's 1956 disease classification), the 12-step "allergy" model, and the critical difference between guilt and shame in recovery
Pregnancy issues: During pregnancy, these vitamins are important for the proper development of the fetal nervous system and can help prevent certain birth defects
In the absence of impaired kidney function, an elevated MMA level in conjunction with elevated homocysteine suggests either a vitamin B 12 deficiency or a combined vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency (32)
The peptide testing laboratory guide explains how third-party testing works and what to look for in certificates of analysis